italian-citizenship-laws-history
The concept of Italian citizenship emerged with the unification of Italy in 1861. Before this, Italy was fragmented into multiple states, each with its own legal traditions and identity. The Law of March 17, 1861, proclaimed the Kingdom of Italy, laying the foundation for a unified national identity. However, formal citizenship laws were still undefined.
Decree-Law No. 36/2025 approved and the new rules for Italian citizenship: Photo of the Italian parlament
On May 20, 2025, the Chamber of Deputies approved Decree-Law No. 36/2025, now law No. 74 of May 23, 2025, with 137 votes in favor and 83 against, finalizing the proposal introduced in March by the coalition led by Giorgia Meloni, which was previously passed by the Senate on May 15.
From North to South - the best places to live in Italy: Photo of a church near the Dolomites, in the Italian alps
Italy is a country steeped in cultural heritage, boasting stunning landscapes and a deep historical legacy. Divided into regions, provinces, municipalities, and metropolitan cities, each area offers a distinct lifestyle and unique experiences. In this exploration, we’ll uncover the best places to live, considering factors like culture, economy, and quality of life.
Legal arguments for Italian citizenship by descent under decree-law 36/2025: Photo of man walking through a historical building in Italy
Decree-Law 36/2025 has significantly restricted Italian citizenship by descent, allowing recognition only for children and grandchildren of Italians, while excluding great-grandchildren and further descendants. This change has sparked legal and constitutional debates.
The role of Italy's regions in shaping national identity: Photo of an historical building in Rome
Italy is renowned for its rich regional diversity, which has deeply influenced its national identity throughout history. From distinct dialects and culinary traditions to varied economic models, each region has contributed uniquely to Italy’s character.
decree-law-citizenship-impact
On May 15, 2025, the Italian Senate approved Decree-Law No. 36/2025, a legislative measure that restricts the recognition of Italian citizenship by descent (jus sanguinis). The measure has sparked intense debate, with critics raising concerns about its constitutional validity, retroactive effects, and potential discrimination.
Is Italian citizenship hard to get: Photo of the waterfall in Isola del Liri
Summary

No, it isn’t.

Italian citizenship is one of the most sought-after citizenships globally due to its unique advantages, including its adherence to the principle of Jus Sanguinis, or “right of blood”.

This principle allows individuals to claim citizenship through their Italian ancestry without generational limits. However, the process to obtain Italian citizenship can vary in complexity depending on the pathway chosen.

This guide will provide an in-depth comparison with other European citizenships, highlight the exclusive benefits of Italian citizenship, discuss common difficulties in the consular process, explore the advantages of the judicial process, and explain why comprehensive assistance is crucial.

Comparison with other European citizenships

Acquiring an European citizenship can provide numerous benefits, but the processes vary significantly across countries. Italian citizenship, unlike other European citizenships, does not impose generational limits on those claiming citizenship through ancestry.

This section compares Italian citizenship with Spanish, Portuguese, and French citizenships, examining the difficulties, ease of process, average waiting times, and document complexity.

Spanish citizenship

  • Difficulty: Spain offers citizenship through descent, but it is limited to children and grandchildren of Spanish citizens.
     
  • Ease: The process is relatively straightforward, requiring documents proving ancestry and legal residency in Spain for a specific period.
     
  • Waiting time: Typically takes 2-3 years after application submission.
     
  • Document complexity: Moderate.

Portuguese citizenship

  • Difficulty: Portugal offers citizenship through descent but also has restrictions on generations. It is also challenging for individuals beyond grandchildren to claim citizenship.
     
  • Ease: It involves proving Portuguese ancestry.
     
  • Waiting time: Around 2 years, similar to Spain.
     
  • Document complexity: Moderate to high, with requirements similar to those of Spain.

French citizenship

  • Difficulty: France allows citizenship through descent but has strict documentation requirements and is limited to direct descendants. Additionally, France operates under the Jus Soli principle, meaning that individuals born in France are automatically entitled to French citizenship.
     
  • Ease: The process can be labor-intensive, requiring extensive documentation.
     
  • Waiting time: Approximately 2 years.
     
  • Document complexity: Moderate to High, with extensive documentation, including proof of residency, and sometimes French language proficiency.
     

In comparison, Italian citizenship through Jus Sanguinis is more inclusive, allowing individuals to claim citizenship regardless of the generational gap, as long as they can prove their Italian lineage.

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Factors that make Italian citizenship attractive

Italian citizenship is highly coveted for numerous reasons, many of which stem from the exclusive benefits and cultural significance associated with holding an Italian passport. Here are some factors that make it particularly appealing:

1. Right to work in the European Union 

Italian citizens enjoy the freedom to live and work in any EU member state without the need for visas or work permits. This significantly broadens professional opportunities and facilitates smoother transitions between countries within the EU.

2. Access to EU benefits 

As an Italian citizen, you have access to various benefits within the EU, including healthcare, education, and social security systems, which are among the best globally. This access can lead to improved quality of life and broader career and educational opportunities.

3. Cultural and historical recognition 

Holding an Italian passport is not only a matter of legal status but also a deep connection to Italy’s rich cultural and historical heritage. It allows individuals to engage more fully with their roots, participate in Italian cultural events, and enjoy the privileges of being part of Italy’s global community.

4. Enhanced travel freedom 

Italian passport holders can travel visa-free to a significant number of countries. This ease of travel is a considerable advantage for both leisure and business purposes, reducing the bureaucracy and costs associated with obtaining visas.

Common difficulties in the Italian consular process

While the benefits of Italian citizenship are numerous, the path to obtaining it can be fraught with challenges, especially when dealing with consulates. Here are some common difficulties in the Italian consular process:

  • Bureaucracy at Italian consulates in the USA: Italian consulates in the USA often face high volumes of applications, leading to long waiting times and bureaucratic hurdles.Applicants may experience delays of several years, making the process frustratingly slow. Additionally, securing an appointment can be a challenge due to the high demand and limited availability.
     
  • Stringent document requirements: The documentation required for Jus Sanguinis applications can be extensive and stringent. Applicants must provide birth, marriage, death certificates, and proof of their ancestor’s naturalization status, which often involves obtaining records from multiple countries and translating them into Italian.
     
  • Costs associated with the consular process: The traditional consular route can be costly, with expenses including documentation preparation, translations, legal fees, and travel expenses for visiting consulates. These costs can add up quickly, making it an expensive and time-consuming process.

Advantages of the judicial process to obtain Italian citizenship

Given the challenges of the consular process, many applicants turn to the judicial process as an alternative route to Italian citizenship. Here are some of the advantages:

  • Reduced waiting times: The judicial process often results in faster citizenship acquisition compared to the consular route. By filing a citizenship claim directly through the Italian courts, applicants can bypass the backlogs and extended waiting times associated with consulate applications. This can shorten the overall timeframe to achieve citizenship.
     
  • Less bureaucracy: The judicial procedure involves fewer bureaucratic hurdles compared to the consular process. Legal experts familiar with the Italian legal system can efficiently navigate the requirements, reducing the risk of delays due to missing or incorrect documentation.
Begin your journey to Italian citizenship

Take advantage of specialized assistance to secure your passport for a borderless future.

The quote is quick, free, and without any commitment. We'll get back to you with more details within 24 hours.

Why choose comprehensive assistance?

When applying for Italian citizenship, specialized companies and legal professionals play a crucial role in guiding applicants through the judicial process.

These experts offer comprehensive service, from preparing and submitting the necessary documentation to representing clients in court. Their expertise ensures a smoother, more legally secure path to citizenship.

One such company is io.citizen, whose expertise ensures that clients navigate complex requirements with confidence and ease, securing their Italian citizenship efficiently.

Obtaining Italian citizenship offers a myriad of benefits, from enhanced mobility and access to EU privileges to deep cultural connections and professional opportunities. Despite the bureaucratic challenges of the consular process, the judicial route provides a more efficient alternative.

Comprehensive assistance from specialized companies like io.citizen can make the journey smoother, ensuring legal compliance and optimizing time. Embracing your Italian heritage through citizenship can open up a world of opportunities and enrich your personal and professional life.

Begin your journey to Italian citizenship

Take advantage of specialized assistance to secure your passport for a borderless future.