italian-citizenship-laws-history
The concept of Italian citizenship emerged with the unification of Italy in 1861. Before this, Italy was fragmented into multiple states, each with its own legal traditions and identity. The Law of March 17, 1861, proclaimed the Kingdom of Italy, laying the foundation for a unified national identity. However, formal citizenship laws were still undefined.
Decree-Law No. 36/2025 approved and the new rules for Italian citizenship: Photo of the Italian parlament
On May 20, 2025, the Chamber of Deputies approved Decree-Law No. 36/2025, now law No. 74 of May 23, 2025, with 137 votes in favor and 83 against, finalizing the proposal introduced in March by the coalition led by Giorgia Meloni, which was previously passed by the Senate on May 15.
From North to South - the best places to live in Italy: Photo of a church near the Dolomites, in the Italian alps
Italy is a country steeped in cultural heritage, boasting stunning landscapes and a deep historical legacy. Divided into regions, provinces, municipalities, and metropolitan cities, each area offers a distinct lifestyle and unique experiences. In this exploration, we’ll uncover the best places to live, considering factors like culture, economy, and quality of life.
Legal arguments for Italian citizenship by descent under decree-law 36/2025: Photo of man walking through a historical building in Italy
Decree-Law 36/2025 has significantly restricted Italian citizenship by descent, allowing recognition only for children and grandchildren of Italians, while excluding great-grandchildren and further descendants. This change has sparked legal and constitutional debates.
The role of Italy's regions in shaping national identity: Photo of an historical building in Rome
Italy is renowned for its rich regional diversity, which has deeply influenced its national identity throughout history. From distinct dialects and culinary traditions to varied economic models, each region has contributed uniquely to Italy’s character.
decree-law-citizenship-impact
On May 15, 2025, the Italian Senate approved Decree-Law No. 36/2025, a legislative measure that restricts the recognition of Italian citizenship by descent (jus sanguinis). The measure has sparked intense debate, with critics raising concerns about its constitutional validity, retroactive effects, and potential discrimination.
Photo of a person holding an european union passport
Summary

What is a European Union passport?

A European Union (EU) passport is a travel document that allows the holder to travel freely within the EU member states and beyond. It signifies the bearer’s citizenship of an EU country and grants access to the rights and privileges afforded to EU citizens. While each EU member state issues its own passports, they share common features and benefits under EU regulations.

The primary difference between a national passport and a European passport lies in the additional rights and freedoms that come with EU citizenship, such as the freedom of movement, residence, and employment across member states.

Benefits of possessing a European Union passport

One of the most significant benefits of holding a European Union passport is the freedom to move, live, and work anywhere within the EU without the need for additional visas or permits. This freedom extends to all 27 member countries, allowing passport holders to explore diverse cultures, opportunities, and lifestyles. For students, this means the ability to study at any EU university under similar conditions as nationals, often with reduced tuition fees and access to scholarships.

Additionally, EU passport holders have the right to access social services, healthcare, and education in any member country. This access ensures a high standard of living and the opportunity to benefit from well-developed public systems. Healthcare services are often comprehensive and subsidized, while educational institutions are renowned for their quality and inclusivity. These benefits significantly enhance the overall quality of life for EU citizens.

Italian citizenship as a pathway to obtaining a European passport

For those with Italian heritage, obtaining Italian citizenship is a viable pathway to acquiring a European passport. There are two primary methods to achieve this: the consular process and the judicial process.

The consular process involves applying through an Italian consulate in one’s home country. While this method is straightforward, it is often plagued by long wait times, extensive paperwork, and high costs.

In contrast, the judicial process offers a faster and more efficient alternative. This method involves filing a petition in an Italian court, where a judge reviews the application based on provided documentation. The judicial process is typically quicker, with cases resolved within one to two years, compared to several years for consular applications.

Given the complexities involved, comprehensive consultancy services can greatly facilitate the process, ensuring all requirements are met and the application is handled professionally.

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Challenges faced by US residents in obtaining a European passport

US residents seeking to obtain a European passport often encounter several challenges, particularly when navigating the consular process. Bureaucratic hurdles, such as long wait times, detailed documentation requirements, and high costs, can be significant barriers. The backlog at Italian consulates can extend waiting periods to several years, causing frustration and uncertainty.

To overcome these challenges, specialized consultancy services can provide invaluable assistance. These professionals guide applicants through the process, helping to gather necessary documents, navigate legal requirements, and avoid common pitfalls.

By leveraging their expertise, applicants can streamline their path to Italian citizenship and the coveted European passport.

Positive impact of a European passport on international mobility

Possessing a European passport greatly enhances international mobility, providing numerous advantages beyond the EU. For instance, EU passport holders often benefit from visa exemptions or simplified visa procedures when traveling to many non-EU countries, such as Canada. This ease of travel expands personal and professional opportunities, making global exploration and business more accessible.

Moreover, a European passport opens doors to international business and networking opportunities. Entrepreneurs and professionals can operate across multiple markets, leveraging the EU’s extensive trade agreements and economic partnerships. This expanded mobility fosters global connections, collaboration, and growth, benefiting both individuals and their ventures.

Important legal considerations when seeking Italian citizenship

When pursuing Italian citizenship, it is crucial to understand the specific laws governing citizenship by descent. Italy recognizes jus sanguinis, or the right of blood, meaning citizenship can be passed down through generations. However, applicants must provide comprehensive documentation to prove their lineage and meet legal requirements.

Throughout the process, it is essential to take necessary precautions to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of all submitted documents. This includes obtaining certified translations, apostilles, and adhering to legal procedures. Professional consultancy services can offer guidance and support, helping applicants navigate the complexities of the legal and judicial processes with confidence.

Discover how our comprehensive consultancy services can simplify your journey toward Italian citizenship and secure your access to the benefits of a European passport. With io.citizen’s expert guidance, you can navigate the complexities of the application process, avoid common pitfalls, and enjoy a smoother path to dual citizenship.

Contact us today to learn more about our complete Italian citizenship consultancy packages and take the first step toward embracing the opportunities and freedoms that come with an EU passport.

Begin your journey to Italian citizenship

Take advantage of specialized assistance to secure your passport for a borderless future.