italian-citizenship-laws-history
The concept of Italian citizenship emerged with the unification of Italy in 1861. Before this, Italy was fragmented into multiple states, each with its own legal traditions and identity. The Law of March 17, 1861, proclaimed the Kingdom of Italy, laying the foundation for a unified national identity. However, formal citizenship laws were still undefined.
Decree-Law No. 36/2025 approved and the new rules for Italian citizenship: Photo of the Italian parlament
On May 20, 2025, the Chamber of Deputies approved Decree-Law No. 36/2025, now law No. 74 of May 23, 2025, with 137 votes in favor and 83 against, finalizing the proposal introduced in March by the coalition led by Giorgia Meloni, which was previously passed by the Senate on May 15.
From North to South - the best places to live in Italy: Photo of a church near the Dolomites, in the Italian alps
Italy is a country steeped in cultural heritage, boasting stunning landscapes and a deep historical legacy. Divided into regions, provinces, municipalities, and metropolitan cities, each area offers a distinct lifestyle and unique experiences. In this exploration, we’ll uncover the best places to live, considering factors like culture, economy, and quality of life.
Legal arguments for Italian citizenship by descent under decree-law 36/2025: Photo of man walking through a historical building in Italy
Decree-Law 36/2025 has significantly restricted Italian citizenship by descent, allowing recognition only for children and grandchildren of Italians, while excluding great-grandchildren and further descendants. This change has sparked legal and constitutional debates.
The role of Italy's regions in shaping national identity: Photo of an historical building in Rome
Italy is renowned for its rich regional diversity, which has deeply influenced its national identity throughout history. From distinct dialects and culinary traditions to varied economic models, each region has contributed uniquely to Italy’s character.
decree-law-citizenship-impact
On May 15, 2025, the Italian Senate approved Decree-Law No. 36/2025, a legislative measure that restricts the recognition of Italian citizenship by descent (jus sanguinis). The measure has sparked intense debate, with critics raising concerns about its constitutional validity, retroactive effects, and potential discrimination.
Photo of a person looking on a paper where to apply for italian citizenship
Summary

When embarking on the journey to obtain dual citizenship, one of the first crucial decisions is choosing where to apply for Italian citizenship. There are three main options: applying directly in Italy, at the Italian consulate in your country of residence, or through the Italian courts. Each option has its own set of advantages and challenges, and understanding these can help you make an informed decision.

Applying in Italy: the classic route

Applying for Italian citizenship directly in Italy can be one of the fastest ways to obtain it, especially for those who qualify by descent. This route allows you to immerse yourself in Italian culture and potentially expedite the process. Being physically present in Italy can also make it easier to handle any issues that arise during the application process.

To apply in Italy, you must register as a resident in an Italian commune (municipality). This involves finding a place to live and registering your address with the local authorities. Once registered, you must remain in Italy for the duration of the application process, which can take around three months. This requirement means you cannot travel extensively during this period. Additionally, this route can be more expensive due to the costs of living in Italy and the need for a stable residence.

Applying in the country of residence via consulate

For those living outside of Italy, applying through the Italian consulate in your country of residence is a practical alternative. This method is often more convenient and cost-effective, as it eliminates the need to relocate to Italy. You can continue your daily life while your application is processed.

However, the consular route can be the most time-consuming and bureaucratic. The waiting times can vary significantly, ranging from several months to years, depending on the demand at your local consulate. Ensuring that all your documentation is accurate and complete is crucial to avoid delays. This process requires patience and meticulous attention to detail, as any errors can prolong the waiting period.

Applying through the courts

The judicial route is a viable option for those facing specific challenges, such as descendants of Italian women who gave birth before 1948 or individuals with problematic documentation. This method allows you to apply for citizenship through the Italian judicial system, even while residing abroad. It can be a cost-effective and efficient solution, especially for complex cases.

Applying through the courts allows multiple applicants to proceed in a single process. For instance, if you, your siblings, and other relatives want to apply for Italian citizenship through the judicial system, you can do so with one application, even if you don’t live in the same consular region or jurisdiction. This approach provides an opportunity to share expenses and streamline the process for multiple applicants.

This route requires hiring a specialist lawyer or consultancy to represent your case in Italy. These professionals can navigate the legal complexities and ensure that your application is handled correctly. While this option involves legal fees, it can be less stressful and more straightforward than managing the process independently.

Which option is best for you?

Each pathway to Italian citizenship has its pros and cons. Applying in Italy can be quick but requires physical presence and higher expenses. The consular route is convenient and cost-effective but can be slow and bureaucratic. The judicial route is efficient and less complicated but requires legal assistance. 

Ultimately, the best option on where to apply for Italian citizenship depends on your specific circumstances, such as your ability to relocate, your budget, and the complexity of your case. It is advisable to evaluate your situation carefully and consult with experts to determine the most suitable strategy for your application. By understanding the nuances of each option, you can make an informed decision and embark on your journey to Italian citizenship with confidence.If you need help to navigate the Italian citizenship process, consider hiring io.citizen’s services. Our team of experts is ready to guide you on your journey to Italian citizenship. Contact us today!

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Take advantage of specialized assistance to secure your passport for a borderless future.